La influencia de la personalidad en los factores psicosociales y de la salud mental en la población adulta ecuatoriana en la provincia del Azuay de la ciudad de Cuenca

Abstract

Abstract: This research aims to describe psychosocial variables and relate personality traits to mental health indicators in 41 adults from the Haynacapac sector in Cuenca, Azuay province. The study employed the Big Five personality model: extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience, conscientiousness, and neuroticism, along with variables such as life history, adverse experiences, and impulsivity. A quantitative non-experimental approach with a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational design was used. Six psychological assessment tools were applied: Ad Hoc Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI 10), Life History (K-SF-42), Young Schema Questionnaire, Impulsivity (BRIEF A), and Anxiety and Depression (PHQ 4). The results indicated that conscientiousness is the most prominent personality trait. Additionally, a higher prevalence of anxiety disorders was observed in women, while men showed more cases of depression and could experience a greater negative impact on their mental health. These findings are crucial for developing mental health programs tailored to the needs of the Cuenca community, thereby improving their psychological well-being.