Preferencias académicas de los estudiantes de la carrera de Derecho y su vinculación con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) a través del estudio de sentencia

Abstract

Abstract: Judgment No. 1016-20-JP/21 resolved the case of María Fernanda Martínez Pico, a university student with a 40% disability, who sued the Vicente Rocafuerte Lay University for refusing to accept medical justifications for her absences, preventing her from taking exams and continuing her education. The student alleged a violation of her constitutional rights to equality, non-discrimination, and inclusive education. Although her claim was rejected in the first instance, the Provincial Court of Justice of Guayas, on appeal, granted a protective action, a decision that was reviewed and ratified by the Constitutional Court, establishing a relevant precedent for the Ecuadorian legal and educational system. The case highlights the structural barriers and bureaucracy that hinder inclusive education, in contradiction with Sustainable Development Goal 4 of the 2030 Agenda. The ruling requires public and private institutions to implement policies, protocols, and reasonable accommodations to ensure effective inclusion, strengthening equal opportunities and protecting the rights of persons with disabilities.