El patrimonio como elemento de desarrollo urbano sostenible en los Planes De Ordenamiento Territorial. Caso de estudio: área urbana del Cantón Loja

Abstract

Abstract: This research and analysis focuses on the cultural and natural heritage of the urban area of the Loja canton as a strategic component for sustainable urban development within territorial planning. Despite its abundance, this heritage is not yet integrated into the territorial model. The research seeks to determine the degree of heritage integration in the current Territorial Planning Plan (PDOT) of the Loja canton, with the aim of proposing a territorial model that integrates heritage as a structuring axis for sustainable urban development. To achieve the proposed objectives, a qualitative-analytical methodology is applied, oriented towards the collection of documentary information, regulations, and national and international conceptual aspects, which are then evaluated using matrices and comparative analyses. The research begins with an urban-heritage diagnosis that catalogs heritage typologies to analyze existing problems and potential. Subsequently, through an in-depth analysis of the current PDOT of the Loja canton, the diagnosis, proposal, instruments, and governance model are evaluated. This reveals significant shortcomings in the document, especially regarding heritage. Through an analysis of relevant models, such as the Cuenca Territorial Development Plan (PDOT) at the national level and the urban model developed in Barcelona at the international level, best practices applicable to the Loja context are identified. After conducting a comprehensive analysis of the PDOT, a strategic proposal is put forward, focused on integrating heritage into territorial planning and urban development processes. The proposal is organized around a long-term vision based on principles, axis, projects, instruments, and a governance model. The proposal's main concept is to consider heritage as a driver of social and economic development that improves quality of life, and not merely as an object of conservation value.