Análisis de la calidad de agua potable en red proveniente del sistema Pucará de la ciudad de Loja-Ecuador mediante el uso del ICARD

Abstract

Abstract: This research analyzed the drinking water quality in the Pucará System distribution network in Loja, Ecuador, which supplies 30% of the urban population. The objective was to determine a water quality index in the distribution networks using the ICARD methodology, integrating physicochemical and microbiological parameters measured during two seasons: dry and rainy. Sampling was conducted at three strategically defined points in the upper, middle, and lower zones, and citizen perception surveys were administered to 393 residents. The results demonstrated that the water supply system (SAP) is bacteriologically safe, with no presence of fecal coliforms or heavy metals. However, the ICARD score ranged between 70 and 83, classifying the quality as fair to good due to residual chlorine levels below 0.3 mg/L and variations in pH. It is concluded that, although the disinfection process is effective, chlorination and monitoring need to be optimized to guarantee an optimal and reliable service for the public.