Despoblación Escolar en zonas rurales del Ecuador: análisis de la disminución de la matrícula escolar período 2011 2023 en Santo Domingo.

Abstract

Abstract: The study School Depopulation in Rural Areas of Ecuador: Analysis of the decline in school enrollment between 2011 and 2023 in Santo Domingo is an academic contribution that uses a quantitative approach and multiscale analysis to highlight the structural factors that explain the progressive decline in enrollment in rural areas. However, based on official sources from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Education (MINEDUC) and the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC), the study identifies rural-urban migration, poverty, and deficiencies in educational infrastructure as the main determinants of the phenomenon, affecting territorial equity and the right to education. Furthermore, it argues that school depopulation not only reflects an educational problem, but is also a symptom of social inequality and the lack of coordination between public policies and territorial development. The results highlight the need for comprehensive strategies to strengthen the sustainability of rural schools and community cohesion, contributing to the formulation of inclusive and territorial policies.