Calidad del empleo para Latinoamérica: evidencia por grupos de edad El Salvador

Abstract

Abstract: This quantitative-descriptive study estimates a multidimensional index of poor job quality (IMCE) for El Salvador using microdata from the 2024 Household Survey (EHPM), incorporating a sampling design and four dimensions: income, type of contract, social security, and hours worked. The IMCE (0=best, 100=worst) is calculated with weights differentiated by occupational status. The results show greater poor job quality among young people (15 24), a relative improvement in the 25 49 age group, and an intermediate and heterogeneous pattern in the 50+ age group, with systematic gaps that are unfavorable for women. The decomposition indicates that contract and social security explain a large part of youth deprivation, while income (and, depending on the sector, hours worked) gains weight in middle and older age groups. The main contribution is methodological and policy-related: the IMCE is replicable, robust to alternative weightings, and useful as a baseline for monitoring interventions for formalization, expansion of tax coverage, and improvement of productivity.