Seguridad en el trabajo en la industria de la construcción: análisis del uso de la protección individual y colectiva.

Abstract

Abstract:The construction industry is a strategic sector for economic development, but also one of the most dangerous due to the high number of workplace accidents. The main problem identified in this study is the poor implementation and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and collective protective measures (CPE), which contribute to the increase in risks and injuries on construction sites. The main objective was to analyze how the correct use of these protective devices impacts the reduction of workplace accidents in the construction sector in Ecuador. The method used combined a qualitative and quantitative approach, including a systematic review according to the PRISMA framework, a review of previously published works, semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and statistical analysis in the field. To structure the research question, PICO criteria were used, selecting 15 relevant studies on the topic and accident rates in the provinces of Pichincha and Guayas. The results showed that less than 50% of workers regularly use PPE, with barriers including lack of training, discomfort, and cost. Integrating both individual and collective measures reduces risks and promotes industrial safety. In conclusion, it is important to promote awareness campaigns, corporate responsibility, and the consolidation of measures that foster a preventative culture to guarantee a dignified and safe work environment for all workers. Furthermore, reducing accidents has a direct impact on the construction sector, as it reduces costs associated with medical care and absenteeism due to workplace accidents to which workers are exposed.