Extracción y evaluación de metabolitos secundarios presentes en Coriaria ruscifolia contra Fusarium en los árboles de Pino del Parque Nacional Cotopaxi

Abstract

Abstract: The antifungal potential of secondary metabolites extracted from the leaves and fruits of Coriaria ruscifolia against Fusarium spp. was evaluated by integrating extraction procedures, chemical identification, and biological assays. Static maceration, with 96% methanol, was performed; the initial extraction yielded an efficiency of 34.1% for leaves and 15.25% for fruits. The chemical profiling by GC-MS and NMR allowed the identification of secondary metabolites, with a predominance of lipophilic aromatic compounds and oxygenated sesquiterpene lactones, such as corianin. The antifungal assays were conducted on PDA medium at 27 °C, where a significant and concentration-dependent inhibition of mycelial growth was observed, furthermore, the statistical analysis showed a comparable efficacy between leaf and fruit extracts at higher concentrations. These results provide scientific evidence supporting the potential of the plant as a source of metabolites with antifungal activity, contributing to the further development of sustainable alternatives for the management of forest diseases caused by Fusarium.