Impacto de los acuerdos de libre comercio en el nivel de productividad de los países latinoamericanos.

Abstract

Abstract: The impact of free trade on the productivity of Latin American countries is fundamental to their growth and competitiveness. Agreements such as NAFTA, MERCOSUR, and those with the EU, China, and the United States promote barrier-free trade, expand exports and imports, attract foreign investment, and foster competitiveness, raising gross domestic product through greater competition, modern technology, and diversified production at low prices. Manufacturing sector productivity rose post-NAFTA due to exports; Chile experienced growth in mining and agriculture thanks to free trade, technological imports, foreign investment, and open markets. Even so, inequality and primary dependency persist, making these sectors vulnerable to crises that affect gross domestic product. Free trade contributes to sectoral productivity, but it depends on the economic situation, infrastructure, training, and innovation. It requires complementary policies for broad and lasting benefits.