Motivación en las sentencias emitidas por los jueces de primer nivel en Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: This research focuses on analyzing and evaluating judicial reasoning as a constitutional guarantee within the framework of the judgment issued in Case No. 14305-2024-00101 by the first-level judges of the Palora canton in Ecuador. The study breaks down and examines in detail the argumentative structure and legal logic that support the decision in this case to measure its sufficiency and correctness through the application of specific methodological instruments. The results show that the judicial resolution examined observes the minimum constitutional standards, such as clarity in the presentation of facts, legal justification, and respect for procedural formalities. However, the reasoning presents some difficulties related to the type of crime, the contextual assessment of the case, and the proportionality of the sanction, particularly in contexts of gender-based violence. The contribution of the research is the evidence of the need to strengthen judicial motivation at the first instance and to propose lines of improvement based on doctrine and jurisprudence, which contributes to the development of a transparent and rights-guaranteeing judiciary.