Cultivo in vitro de vainilla

Abstract

Abstract: In vitro vanilla cultivation offers a biotechnological alternative for the mass propagation and conservation of species with high economic and ecological value. This study evaluated different disinfection treatments and culture media to establish optimal conditions for germination and initial development of Vanilla tahitensis. Eight disinfection treatments were applied to open and closed capsules, combined with six solid and semi-solid MS-type culture media with varying hormone concentrations. The results showed that treatment D4 (2% sodium hypochlorite for 30 min) significantly reduced bacterial contamination and promoted the highest germination rate (27.2%). Media M4 (solid) and M6 (semi-solid), with 0.5 mg/L kinetin and 0.5 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid, respectively, favored germination and the growth of roots and seedlings. During acclimatization, the peat substrate exhibited the highest survival rate (80%). These results provide guidelines for optimizing in vitro propagation and contributing to the conservation and sustainable production of vanilla in Ecuador.