Impacto de la migración parental en el desarrollo emocional de niños de separación prolongada: un enfoque desde la orientación educativa.

Abstract

Abstract:Parental migration has intensified in Ecuador and affects the socio-emotional and educational development of children and adolescents. This quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, entitled Impact of parental migration on students affective state, school performance, and social adaptation, was conducted at Dr. Gonzalo Abad Grijalva Basic Education School. The population included students with migrant parents, teachers, and primary caregivers, to whom structured questionnaires were administered. The findings indicate that students perceive greater emotional impact, especially sadness associated with limited parental contact; in contrast, teachers and caregivers report more moderate distress. Students and caregivers describe high levels of adjustment, social adaptation, and school performance, whereas teachers assessments are more cautious. From the students perspective, effective and socio-educational dimensions are strongly and significantly related; for teachers and caregivers, these associations do not reach statistical significance. It is concluded that, even in contexts of parental migration, it is possible to maintain adequate adjustment and academic achievement when supportive networks and protective relational bonds exist within the school, the home, and the community.