Motivación en las sentencias emitidas por los jueces de primer nivel en Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: This paper analyzes the importance of reasoning in judgments issued by first-level judges in Ecuador, based on the criminal case of Sánchez Justo Sixto for carrying and possessing a firearm without authorization. A doctrinal framework is developed that distinguishes between sufficient and correct reasoning, underscoring its role in guaranteeing due process, effective judicial protection, and the control of legality. Through argumentative analysis of the judgment, it is shown how logical structure and legal foundation are essential to avoid arbitrary decisions. The study also addresses proportionality in the application of Article 360 ​​of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP), proposing more protective criteria for abstract endangerment offenses. Finally, the need for a more balanced criminal justice model that combines legality with human rights is raised, reaffirming the value of clear, relevant, and coherent judicial reasoning as a pillar of the rule of law.