Análisis crítico de la evolución de los modelos de innovación educativa en la educación superior de América Latina (2014 2024): una revisión documental

Abstract

Abstract: The present research critically analyzed the evolution of educational innovation models in higher education in Latin America between 2014 and 2024, through a systematic documentary review based on the PRISMA method. The study identified the main theoretical models used in the region, described the trends that have marked their evolution, and examined the conceptual limitations in the face of structural, contextual, and social challenges specific to Latin America. The results evidenced a significant expansion in terms of innovation proposals centered on active methodologies and digital technologies; however, there was a recurring conceptual ambiguity, a predominance of instrumental approaches, and a weak exposition of epistemological foundations. At the same time, a scarce integration of variables such as equity, sustainability, and social relevance was observed, limiting their applicability and impact within the analyzed models. In conclusion, the study provided a systematization and critical analysis that highlighted the need to strengthen the construction of regional, contextualized, and conceptually solid theoretical models to guide educational innovation processes with coherence, depth, and social relevance in Latin American higher education.