Motivación en las sentencias emitidas por los jueces de primer nivel en Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: This research analyzes the motivation in judgments issued by first-level judges in Ecuador. The general objective is to evaluate whether the judicial decision complies with the standards of sufficient and correct motivation established in the Constitution, constitutional jurisprudence, and legal doctrine. The research was conducted using as a sample the judgment corresponding to case No. 03331-2023-00118, from the Multicompetent Civil Judicial Unit of La Troncal, Guayas. The analytical method of judgment study was employed, which allowed the judicial decision to be broken down into its argumentative elements. The techniques used included schematization of the judgment and the application of questionnaires to evaluate the standard of sufficiency and correct motivation; analysis matrices and document review were also used. The results show that the judgment presents a motivation that allows its procedural validity by approving a conciliation agreement. Deficiencies are identified in the integration of the norms and in the analysis of the context. It is concluded that judicial reasoning requires more robust development to guarantee due process and the effective protection of labor rights.