Estrategia de educación alimentaria individualizada para los afiliados del iess con riesgo de desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular

Abstract

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases comprise a group of chronic pathologies associated with modifiable risk factors, with diet and nutritional status being two of the most relevant. Early detection of alterations in anthropometric and dietary indicators represents an opportunity to reduce the prevalence of these diseases through the implementation of effective nutritional interventions. This research evaluated the effectiveness of a food education strategy based on the Mediterranean diet, designed and implemented over a six-month period in a personalized manner for members of the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (IESS) in the city of Loja, who are at risk of developing cardiovascular disease. A quasi-experimental design was used, including 27 participants evaluated with bioimpedance equipment, body measurements, and the MEDAS-14 questionnaire. In men, beneficial results were observed in adherence to the Mediterranean diet, skeletal muscle mass, body weight, visceral fat level, and nutritional status. The results in women were not significant. This study highlighted the importance of individualized nutritional interventions in populations at risk of developing cardiovascular disease.