Desarrollo del pensamiento crítico y de las habilidades del siglo XXI mediante estrategias educomunicativas para el fortalecimiento del liderazgo sostenible en estudiantes universitarios

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to design and implement a learning experience based on active methodologies to strengthen environmental education and sustainable leadership among university students in the field of forestry engineering. The pedagogical intervention was developed using a problem-based learning strategy, promoting the analysis of situations related to the conservation and sustainable management of natural resources. To evaluate the impact of the intervention, two measurement instruments were applied: a pre-test and a post-test structured using a Likert-type scale. The sample consisted of 30 students. The results showed a significant improvement in the scores obtained after the implementation of the learning experience, with an increase in the mean score from 65.20 in the pre-test to 103.70 in the post-test, a difference of 39.50 points. Statistical analysis using the paired-samples t-test indicated statistically significant differences (t (29) = -18.102; p < 0.05) and a very large effect size (Cohen&#39;s d = 3.305). These results demonstrate that the application of active methodologies significantly contributes to strengthening critical thinking, 21st-century skills, and sustainable leadership in the university context.