Comparación de metodologías de evaluación de riesgos psicosociales para trabajadores informales en mercados municipales

Abstract

Abstract: Informal workers in municipal markets often carry out their activities under conditions characterized by long working hours, economic instability, and limited social protection, which increase their exposure to psychosocial risks and negatively affect their health and well-being. However, assessing these risks in informal work settings remains challenging, as most available methodologies have been developed for formal labor environments. Within this context, the aim of this study was to compare psychosocial risk assessment methodologies applied to informal workers in municipal markets, considering their applicability and the scope of the results obtained. The study followed a quantitative approach with a descriptive and comparative design. Data were collected using the FPSICO 4.1 questionnaire applied to a sample of informal workers, and the results were contrasted with those obtained through an alternative assessment method. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as mean comparison and boxplots to support the interpretation of the findings. The results revealed predominantly moderate to high levels of psychosocial risk, particularly in dimensions related to working hours, workload, and working conditions. The comparison between both methodologies showed general consistency in the results, although differences were observed in the way dimensions were grouped and in their sensitivity. These findings highlight the usefulness of both instruments for the assessment of psychosocial risks in informal labor contexts.