Polimorfismos en genes GSTM1, GSTT1 y GSTP1 en fumadores y su relación con sintomatología asociada al tabaquismo

Abstract

Abstract: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes are involved in the metabolismo of endogenous and exogenous substances, playing a key role in the detoxification of carcinogens, xenobiotics, an oxygen free radicals. Polymorphisms in GST genes influence individual and population responses in susceptibility to enviromental risk factors, as well as predisposition to cancer. Therefore, the objetive of this study was to establish the association between smoking related symptoms and the null alleles of GSTM1 and GSTT1, as well as the Ile105Val variant of GSTP1, in smoker patients from the city of Loja. A total of 184 participants were genotyped using multiplex PCR and real-time PCR. Information on tobacco consumption and symptomatology was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. The frecuencies of the null alleles of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were 45,1% and 21,7% respectively. A total of 10,3% of participants presented deletions in both genes, and the frecuency of the G variant allele for the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism was 0.55. The analyses indicate an association between the GSTT1 null allele and increased respiratory symptoms in the group of men analysed in this study.