El uso de pantallas y su relación en el desarrollo cognitivo y emocional en edad preescolar

Abstract

Abstract:This research aims to analyze the relationship between screen use and cognitive and emotional development in preschool children aged 3 to 5 years from an educational institution in the El Carmen canton, Manabí province. This study adopts a quantitative approach, with a descriptive-correlational scope and a non-experimental, cross-sectional, field design. The population consisted of preschool children, their legal guardians or caregivers, and teachers. A sample was selected using non-probability convenience sampling. Data collection instruments included a survey administered to parents or caregivers to identify screen use habits, and structured observation of teachers to evaluate indicators of cognitive and emotional development. The results identify patterns in exposure to different digital devices and its relationship to aspects such as attention, language, emotional regulation, and social interaction. It is concluded that excessive or inappropriate screen use can negatively affect children's overall development, highlighting the importance of adult supervision and responsible technology use in early childhood.