Riesgo de desarrollar Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 según la escala Findrisk en personas que laboran en el mercado Nueva Granada

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: In Ecuador, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is 5.53%, that is, 1 in 18 people. In the city of Loja, it is estimated that 5% of the population suffers from this disease, so this research seeks to contribute to local statistics and facilitate the design of diabetes prevention programs. Objective: To determine the degree of risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with factors such as body composition. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 60 vendors over 18 years of age at the Nueva Granada Market in Loja. Sociodemographic factors, body composition by bioimpedance, and diabetes risk using the Findrisk scale were analyzed. Statistical analysis included univariate and bivariate tests such as chi-square, Student's t-test, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The level of physical activity was higher in men than in women, as was smoking (33.3% vs. 7.7%). According to the FINDRISK scale, the majority of men (42.9%) and women (33.3%) presented a slightly elevated risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Men with higher visceral fat, waist-to-hip ratio, BMI, and abdominal circumference have a higher risk of diabetes mellitus. In women, a high BMI and a higher waist-to-hip ratio also increase the risk. In contrast, greater muscle mass in women appears to be a protective factor. Conclusion: 7 out of 10 people have some risk of developing diabetes mellitus. In men, visceral fat has the strongest association with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.