Cambio Climático y Arbovirosis en Suramérica. Revisión panorámica

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines the relationship between climate change and the spread of Arboviruses in South America, with a focus on diseases such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya. Through a literature review in scientific databases (PubMed and VHL), original articles published in the last decade were selected, with the aim of presenting an overview of the characteristics of Arboviruses in South America in the context of climate change, in order to raise a discussion on the existence of a relationship between the increase in temperature, climate variability and the proliferation of the vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus towards non-endemic regions. The results of this research highlight the influence of extreme weather events, such as the El Niño phenomenon, which favor the creation of breeding sites for vectors. The discussion focuses on exposing the changes in the epidemiological patterns observed in the incidence of these diseases, as well as in the alterations in the behavior and geographic distribution of the vectors. The conclusions highlight the importance of understanding the dynamics between climate change and Arboviruses in order to improve the health response to the expansion of these pathologies in the region studied.