Prevalencia de la salud mental, capital psicológico y satisfacción laboral de trabajadores ecuatorianos del sector norte de la ciudad de Guayaquil cantón Durán durante el año 2024-2025

Abstract

Abstract: Mental health in the workplace has become a critical challenge for organizations due to its direct impact on productivity and employees' quality of life. This study focused on analyzing the prevalence of mental health issues, psychological capital, and job satisfaction in a sample of 53 public sector workers from northern Guayaquil and the Durán canton. Using a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional design, the DASS-21, PCQ-24, and a specially designed questionnaire were applied. Among the findings, 98.11% of participants showed no significant levels of stress, although 1.89% experienced moderate stress. Regarding anxiety, 73.58% of respondents reported no symptoms, but moderate (20.75%), severe (3.77%), and mild (1.89%) cases were observed. Concerning depression, 81.13% reported no symptoms, while 16.98% experienced moderate depression and 1.89% mild depression. In terms of psychological capital, the components of self-efficacy and hope scored highest (M = 35), followed by resilience (M = 32). Additionally, job satisfaction showed positive scores: 30 for intrinsic satisfaction, 34 for extrinsic satisfaction, and 64 overall, indicating a favorable perception of both internal and external work rewards. The results highlight a generally acceptable state of mental health, though with some moderate cases of anxiety and depression, underscoring the need to implement programs that enhance workplace well-being and strengthen psychological capital.