Estilo de vida de los pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Chron que acuden a la unidad de enfermedades inflamatorias y autoinmunes sistémicas en un hospital de Loja.

Abstract

Abstract: Crohn's disease affects 1.4 million people worldwide, showing an increasing prevalence in contemporary societies. This quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, conducted between January and June 2024, analyzed the lifestyle of patients diagnosed under the theoretical framework of Nola Pender. The central objective was to determine health habits and propose specific nursing interventions based on disease duration and complications. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that assessed sociodemographic variables and dimensions of health-promoting behavior. The results indicated that only 19.2% of the subjects maintain a healthy lifestyle, standing out only in interpersonal support and self-actualization. In contrast, 81% exhibit deficient behaviors in nutrition, exercise, health responsibility, and stress management. These findings reveal a significant risk pattern that compromises clinical outcomes. It is concluded that it is imperative to implement nursing activities aimed at re-educating the patient about self-care. These strategies should prioritize modifying daily habits to comprehensively optimize the quality of life of this population.