Análisis de modelos de gestión y control de seguridad y salud en el trabajo aplicados en el sector de la construcción: Una propuesta de modelo de gestión para las pequeñas y medianas empresas con enfásis en ergonomía.

Abstract

Abstract: This thesis addressed the problem of high exposure to occupational and ergonomic risks in the construction sector, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises, which face a high level of complexity in implementing complex preventive systems. From this perspective, a Safety and Health at Work management and control model was developed based on the PDCA cycle, integrating ergonomics as the central element in reducing musculoskeletal disorders and improving prevention in real-world construction site environments. The methodology employed was validated thru a systematic literature review conducted under SME guidelines, which helped demonstrate recent scientific trends in research gaps oriented toward construction SMEs. In this way, the proposal offers a greatly simplified, aligned, and easily applicable structure, complying with international and national regulations and standards, thereby making the research relevant to companies, institutions, and society by promoting safer and more sustainable work environments.