Percepción del estado de salud y factores asociados: caso de estudio Provincia del Guayas.

Abstract

Abstract: In this research, the perception of health status is a central indicator, as it allows for a comprehensive assessment of the physical, mental, and social well-being of individuals. Unlike traditional clinical indicators, perceived health incorporates experiences, social conditions, and personal evaluations of quality of life. Thus, the present research analyzes the relationship between the perception of health status and various sociodemographic determinants in the province of Guayas, using information from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT 2018). From the perspective of the social determinants of health, proposed by the World Health Organization and developed by Marmot, it is recognized that factors such as age, sex, educational level, economic condition and Ethnic belonging significantly influences the way people assess their health status. The results obtained show that educational level, age, and economic situation have stronger associations with health perception, while sex and ethnicity show comparatively weaker relationships. Likewise, the findings are consistent with international research that highlights the role of social and economic inequalities as determining factors of well-being and perceived health. Consequently, this study provides relevant empirical evidence to understand the health inequalities present in the province of Guayas and constitutes an important basis for the formulation of public policies aimed at promoting equity, improving living conditions, and strengthening the well-being of the population.