Evaluación y optimización de la fitoestabilización de relaves mineros como estrategia para mejorar su estabilidad geotécnica

Abstract

Abstract: The study evaluates and optimizes phytostabilization as a sustainable strategy for improving the geotechnical stability of mining waste. The research combines laboratory tests grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, moisture content, direct shear, and triaxial tests with physical modeling in polyethylene and numerical simulations in SLIDE 6.0 and PLAXIS 2.0 using the Morgenstern-Price method. The main objective is to quantify the contribution of the root system of Vetiveria zizanioides to the shear strength and safety factor of tailings slopes. Representative profiles of the Fruta del Norte deposit with different slopes were analyzed, considering different planting schemes. The parameterization of the models was based on preliminary laboratory indicators and root reinforcement modules reported in the literature. Initial results show that the presence of vetiver increases apparent cohesion and improves root reinforcement. Finally, limitations and requirements for the definitive validation of the numerical model and its application as a replicable framework for mining waste management are discussed.