Análisis químico y enantioselectivo de un aceite esencial destilado de la especie Baccharis pedunculata.

Abstract

Abstract: The limited information available on the chemical composition and enantiomeric profile of Baccharis pedunculata essential oil constraints its biological chemotaxonomic and industrial potential. In this context, the present investigation aimed to characterize for the first time in Ecuador the chemical composition and enantiomeric distribution of the essential oil obtained from the leaves of this species. The oil was extracted by steam distillation, qualitative and quantitative analysis were done by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GD-FID) and enantioselective chromatography. The oil yield was 0.65±0.09%. A total of 71 compounds were identified with hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes (58.5%) and oxygenated sesquiterpens (13.5%) as the main classes. Epizonarene (13.0%) and δ-Cadinene (7.9%) were the major constituents. Enantiomeric analysis allowed the identification of 6 enantiomeric compounds, 3 of those who showed 100% enantiomeric excess, indicating a high degree of biosynthetic stereoselectivity. These findings represent a first report, providing valuable phytochemical information and establishing a basis for future studies on its biological activity, chemotaxinomic value and potential applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and industrial sectors.