Funcionalización de biopolímero a base de grenetina reforzados con fibra natural de Psyllium plantago

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this research was to develop and characterize a functionalized biopolymer based on gelatin and reinforced with natural psyllium (Plantago) fiber, in order to evaluate the influence of fiber incorporation on its physicochemical, mechanical, and structural properties, as well as its behavior with respect to biodegradation. Four formulations were prepared using the casting method, with citric acid as the functionalizing agent and glycerin as the plasticizer, at different fiber concentrations (0, 20, 50, 100% w/w). The resulting materials were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), tensile testing, moisture content determination, water absorption testing, and biodegradability testing in soil and aqueous media. The results showed that the incorporation of Psyllium plantago modified the properties of the biopolymer, improving its mechanical and structural performance while preserving its biodegradability, suggesting that it has potential as a sustainable alternative for the development of biodegradable materials.