Terapia dialéctico-conductual en disminución de riesgo suicida en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes de 12 a 29 años: Revisión sistemática a partir de la experiencia práctica

Abstract

Abstract: Suicide risk is a dynamic and multifactorial process associated with thoughts, plans, or attempts to end one's life. In Ecuador, it represents a major public health issue, particularly among youth, influenced by mental disorders, periods of crisis, violence, family dysfunction, and limited support. Practical experience within the clinical setting demonstrates that suicide risk has gained significant prominence among adolescents and young adults. Consequently, a research question was formulated to determine the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) in reducing suicide risk by means of a systematic review. The findings underscored the validity of DBT, as well as its versatility in adapting to various individual and contextual variables without compromising symptom improvement and holistic well-being. Based on this evidence, a simulated clinical case of a female adolescent with passive suicidal ideation was developed, incorporating identifying data, the reason for consultation, psychological assessment, and an intervention proposal. This work synthesizes theory, professional practice, and scientific evidence, ensuring a solid, ethical, and rigorous clinical approach to the phenomenon.