Contribución de los fundamentos didácticos en las prácticas preprofesionales de la carrera de Educación Básica

Abstract

Abstract: This study analyzes the contribution of pedagogical principles to the pre-professional practicums of students in the Basic Education program at the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, taking into account that a microcurricular plan was developed during Practicum 2, with the aim of describing these principles based on a review of lesson plans and teaching resources; The study employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive phenomenological method and content analysis, based on a document review guide applied to a purposive sample of lesson plans in the natural sciences; the findings show that the teaching proposals demonstrate a primarily constructivist orientation, reflected in the coherence among objectives, methodological strategies, resources, and assessment, although there are still aspects that could be strengthened, such as the explicit articulation of pedagogical rationale and the diversification of assessment tools. Considering these results, it remains essential to promote coherent and contextualized lesson planning within initial teacher education, since this practice helps strengthen pre-professional practices and, thereby, the educational quality of the Basic Education degree program.