Contribución de los fundamentos didácticos en las prácticas preprofesionales de la carrera de Educación Básica

Abstract

Abstract: This research analyzed the contribution of didactic foundations in the pre-professional practices of the Basic Education program at the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, with the objective of describing the didactic foundations developed by the students of the program; for this purpose, four objectives were developed, the general objective being to describe the didactic foundations of the pre-professional practices developed by the students of the Basic Education program, through the review of the planning and its resources, identifying the main pedagogical approaches, developed in relation to the curricular elements, the methodological strategies, the educational resources and the evaluation processes developed in these plans. The study was conducted in three chapters: the first was the theoretical framework, which outlines the theoretical and pedagogical foundations to guide future teachers in designing lessons and ensure they respond appropriately to the real demands of the national education system. The second chapter was the methodology, which was developed using a qualitative approach with a descriptive phenomenological method, employing document review as the primary technique through a document review guide applied to the lesson plans. The third chapter was the qualitative data analysis, which allowed for the analysis of the results, revealing a close curricular and methodological alignment of the activities with the ERCA Learning Cycle and the National Curriculum of Ecuador. The study highlighted the stimulation of active learning through concrete resources, exploratory questions, and the diversification of learning assessment instruments in their formative modality. The conclusion was that the students' lesson plans demonstrate a linked and systematic integration of theory and practice in basic education classrooms.