Fundamentos didácticos en las prácticas preprofesionales de la carrera de Educación Básica.

Abstract

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to describe the didactic foundations underlying the preprofessional teaching practices carried out by students in the Bachelor's Degree in Basic Education at the Technical University of Loja, through the analysis of their micro-curricular lesson plans and the teaching resources employed. The study adopted a qualitative approach with a descriptive phenomenological design, which made it possible to understand the characteristics of the formative experiences reflected in the reviewed documentation. Documentary review was used as the data collection technique, while content analysis was applied to examine the information gathered. This procedure made it possible to identify the relationship between didactic foundations, pedagogical approaches, methodological strategies, educational resources, and assessment processes included in the lesson plans. The findings show that planning is an essential component for connecting theory with practice, strengthening professional competencies, and promoting contextualized, reflective, and inclusive teaching within the educational context. It is concluded that didactic foundations guide pedagogical practice and contribute to the development of relevant, high-quality teacher education.