Criterios Fiscales de priorización e imputación en delitos de extorsión en la fiscalía provincial de Pichincha, período 2023 2026

Abstract

Abstract:The research analyzed the impact of prosecutorial prioritization criteria on the formal charging of extortion offenses processed by the Pichincha Provincial Prosecutor's Office during the 2023 2026 period. The study addressed the need to determine whether the strategic selection of cases fosters effective criminal prosecution without compromising the principles of legality, objectivity, equality, due process, and effective judicial protection. A qualitative approach was employed, incorporating legal, documentary, and descriptive research through dogmatic-legal, analytical-synthetic, exegetical, and jurisprudential methods. Furthermore, regulatory and doctrinal sources were reviewed, and four Constitutional Court rulings concerning preliminary investigations, prosecutorial reasoning, due diligence, and complex criminality were analyzed. The results demonstrated that prosecutorial prioritization constitutes a legitimate tool for optimizing resources and strengthening investigations, provided it is grounded in objective, transparent, and verifiable criteria. It was concluded that the formal charging of a crime depends on the quality and sufficiency of the evidentiary elements; therefore, institutional effectiveness must be aligned with respect for constitutional guarantees.