Análisis fitoquímico y evaluación de interacciones farmacológicas potenciales de extractos de frutas amazónicas (guanábana, arazá) con actividad antitumoral: desarrollo de guías de asesoría para la atención farmacéutica oncológica

Abstract

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the availability and supporting scientific evidence regarding the phytochemical composition of Annona muricata (soursop) and Eugenia stipitata (arazá) extracts, as well as the potential pharmacological interactions that may occur when these extracts are used concomitantly with drugs in oncology treatment regimens. The purpose was to develop a counseling guide for the pharmaceutical care of oncology patients. The literature identified provided substantial evidence concerning the phytochemical composition of both fruits; however, most of the available publications focused on A. muricata (soursop). A total of 109 articles were included, of which 69 addressed A. muricata and 40 addressed E. stipitata (arazá). In contrast, studies on potential pharmacological interactions retrieved through the search equations were scarce and not readily accessible; therefore, individualized searches were conducted. Based on the findings, a preliminary guide incorporating a decision-making algorithm was developed to support appropriate clinical decisions and safeguard patient safety. It should be emphasized that this guide remains a proposal based on the available findings, several of which are still preliminary. Furthermore, it has not yet been validated by an expert panel. Accordingly, further research using different methodological approaches and continued experimental studies are recommended to strengthen the evidence concerning these interactions and their potential risks.