Determinación de la curva de consolidación de arcilla del sector norte de la ciudad de Loja mediante el ensayo de consolidación norma ASTH D- 2435

Abstract

All materials are deformed when subjected to a change in their request conditions. In some structural materials, such as steel and concrete, deformations generally occur simultaneously with the application of the load. These materials have sufficiently well-known stress-strain relationships today, and theories of elasticity and plasticity are applicable to them. The soils have a different behavior than the structural materials mentioned. The mechanical properties of soils are characterized by stress-strain-time relationships. This characteristic of the soil has more evidence in the case of clays, in which the development of the deformation takes place almost completely during a long time after the application of a load. It is essential to understand that soil conditions are susceptible to change before, during and after construction. The prediction and control of these changes is the most difficult task with 14 that the engineer faces. The majority of damage to buildings, linked to foundation movements, occur when unforeseen soil conditions arise, and because they have not identified their future behavior. In the selection and design of foundations, conditions often arise where the complexity and indeterminacy of soil structure behavior must be adequately recognized; It is for this reason that the present investigation tries to predict the settlements that will suffer the structures built in the clays of the North sector of the city of Loja, so that the engineers can select and design the types of foundations in such a way that the buildings Can withstand movements of magnitude without suffering severe damage. The solution of these problems involves calculating the magnitude of the total settlements, and anticipating the rate of occurrence of the same. To perform predictions of settlement magnitudes, elastic theory was first used to predict immediate settlements, and second, the parameters obtained from the ASTM D-2435 Consolidation Test. From the information provided by the curves Obtained from these tests could be calculated the settlement of a stratum, and with this will obtain the maximum permissible settlements in the arciltas of Loja. In addition with the analogy of Terzaghi, we estimated the rate of occurrence of the same. In this way structures can be prevented from being damaged by settlements such as cracks, severe cracking or even collapse. Finally, it is recommended to carry out consolidation tests before designing any type of structure. Traductor de Google para empresas:Google Translator ToolkitTraductor de sitios webGlobal Market Finder