Actividades de los hogares como empleadores de personal doméstico: análisis del nivel de contratación en el barrio El Batán de Quito en el período 2015- 2016

Abstract

Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to make known to the readers the changes that have existed in relation to the hiring of domestic workers in Ecuador, starting from concepts of unemployment theories as: classical, neoclassical, Keynesian and Marxist; On the other hand, the socioeconomic indicators are presented, which allow us to measure the reality of society, focused on: unemployment rate and economic cycles of unemployment. Then identify the situation that the domestic workers live today. Domestic workers, because they did not have the necessary working conditions for their work, fell in the exploitation or discrimination for the work done, without being able to receive the benefits of law as it should; The Ministry of Labor Relations, carries out constant campaigns in order to know if the conditions in force for its hiring are being fulfilled, especially if the rights and obligations are being executed correctly. This paper reveals three modalities of contract of the domestic workers: doors to inside, doors to outside and contract of minors. Nowadays most of the contracts that employers choose are for hours or part time, in order that their family income allows them to cover with the payment of the domestic worker; For this after developing surveys to a group of households in the city of Quito, in the El Batan neighborhood, to establish the current reality of domestic employers; And those who do not have a job, what they are doing for the moment or if a large number of people are unemployed and how it affected the intervention of the State and regularization in these aspects. In a next section of the paper, being the practical part of it, a correlational analysis is done in order to make a quantitative processing of the information raised; with what finally accepts the hypothesis of the incidence that would have the Organic Law for the Defense of Labor Rights in the hiring of the domestic workers.