Socioeconomía agroecológica: La contribución de la Agroecología a los ingresos agrícolas. Un análisis bibliográfico

Abstract

Abstract: In this research, a detailed analysis of bibliographic material and case studies has been carried out, through which it has been possible to clearly identify the concept and the most important characteristics of Agroecology, determining its importance as a new system of sustainable agriculture oriented towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Unfortunately, as it is a relatively young system and still with little dissemination and application, the economic income it currently generates has a low representativeness in relation to the total income received by farmers in the world as a result of agricultural production. However, the main characteristics of agroecology, such as increased production, improved food nutrition, curbing climate change, reducing rural poverty and improving the quality of the environment, give it enormous development potential that in the medium term will undoubtedly allow it to become the main agricultural production system worldwide and an effective solution to end hunger and malnutrition through its agroecological polycultures, which allow continuous access to an adequate quantity, quality and safety of food at fair prices. At the social level, it allows the recovery of the protagonism of families and peasant communities; it motivates complementary and collaborative production; it prevents or stops the migration of peasants to the cities; it promotes the collaboration of communities through cooperatives, associations, community savings banks, community enterprises and other organizations; it encourages the creation of other products and markets and determines that more resources remain in the hands of farmers, allowing them to achieve sustainable social and economic development.