Los primeros mil días de vida y su relación con las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en el adulto

Abstract

Abstract: The first thousand days of life, defined as the time between conception and the first two years, are of great importance in the growth and development throughout life. During this period, adequate nutrition and a favorable intrauterine environment are determining factors in the physiological maturation of organs and systems as well as for the improvement of the new individual's neuronal and motor capacities. With the objective of identify the relationship between nutrition in the 1000 days of life and the appearance of non-communicable chronic diseases in adults. A systematization of information search was carried out in the following databases: Pubmed and LILACS, and a manual search in Pubmed, Scielo, and Scopus. Among the results found, there is a directly proportional relationship between poor nutrition during the first thousand days and the appearance of childhood and adult obesity, arterial hypertension, and type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, All the studies obtained for this review agree that correct nutrition during the three stages that cover the first thousand days of life has a positive relationship and that it confers a protective factor for chronic non-communicable diseases (hypertension, arterial hypertension, obesity and diabetes mellitus) both in pediatric and adult ages, since they prevent the fetal programming of these diseases because the physiological alterations of the fetal organs that predispose them that they offer to the development of chronic non-communicable diseases do not occur.