Preferencias académicas de los estudiantes de la carrera de Derecho y su vinculación con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) a través del estudio de sentencias

Abstract

Abstract: This thesis focuses on the analysis of Human Rights and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 in the Ecuadorian context, taking as a reference a ruling of the Constitutional Court of Ecuador related to the employer's pension. Human Rights trends, innovations and perspectives are examined, as well as national public policies in Ecuador to comply with SDG 8, which promotes inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all. An exhaustive review of doctrinal and legal references on the rights protected by SDG 8 was carried out, including international, constitutional and legal instruments, as well as their levels of compliance, legal gaps and normative contradictions. In addition, the sentence studied was analyzed from a critical and personal perspective, evaluating the quality of arguments, motivation and impact on strengthening the system of administration of justice and protection of rights in Ecuador. The analysis revealed that the sentence studied represents an advance in the protection of labor rights and in the attention to people affected by situations of labor vulnerability in Ecuador. Areas for improvement were identified in the application of international human and labor rights instruments, as well as in national public policies to comply with SDG 8. It is concluded that, although the judicial decision has solid arguments and a clear motivation to protect the rights of the plaintiff, it is necessary to deepen the analysis of the labor situation in the country and the application of international human and labor rights instruments. In this way, it will be possible to contribute to the strengthening of the justice administration system, the protection of rights and the progress towards the fulfillment of SDG 8 in Ecuador.