Bioacumulación de metales pesados y colonización micorrízica en hierbas del género Bidens: Potencial para la fitorremediación de relaves mineros

Abstract

Abstract: The potential of Bidens genus plants in mine tailings phytoremediation strategies was evaluated through a systematic review. The objective was to catalog the concentrations of heavy metals in this genus, calculate phytoremediation indices and evaluate the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to reduce phytotoxicity. Using keywords such as Bidens, arbuscular mycorrhiza and heavy metals, 29 studies that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Concentrations of U, As, Cr, Ni, and Mn were reported in one or two studies, while Cd, Zn, Cu, and Pb were found in three to six studies. Bidens pilosa showed the maximum concentration of Cd in hydroponics (324.47 mg kg-1). The highest values of Cd bioaccumulation in their shoots varied in concentrations from 16 to 30 mg kg-1. B. pilosa could be useful in the phytoremediation of Cd, being viable after reducing it in the substrate to <100 mg kg-1. Although there are no data on the AMF-Bidens-heavy metals interaction, experiences with Asteraceae suggest that AMF could enhance the phytoremediation of B. pilosa.