Prevalencia de la salud mental, capital psicológico y satisfacción laboral en docentes ecuatorianos de la ciudad de Loja durante el año 2023

Abstract

Abstract: Through this research, we aim to determine the prevalence of mental health, psychological capital, and job satisfaction among Ecuadorian teachers in the city of Loja. We used a quantitative research approach with a cross-sectional and descriptive design. The sample consisted of 40 teachers, who were selected voluntarily and were homogeneous in terms of gender, age, and educational level. The data collection instruments included a sociodemographic and occupational ad hoc questionnaire, the DASS-21 scale, an assessment of psychological capital, and a job satisfaction scale. The results show that the majority of teachers experience mild levels of stress, anxiety, and depression; they also score significantly in the dimensions of hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism. Additionally, they report high levels of job satisfaction. The main conclusions indicate that teachers face easily controllable stressful situations and maintain a positive attitude towards their work. These findings highlight the importance of implementing support and mental health care strategies for teachers, as well as promoting a healthy work environment. These results are useful for designing interventions that improve mental health and well-being.