La exportación del cacao en la economía del Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: Historically, the export of cocoa has been crucial for the Ecuadorian economy, contributing significantly to economic growth, employment and production. Although notable fluctuations, such as declines in 1998 and 2000 due to economic instability and adverse climatic factors, cocoa exports have shown a recovery sustained since 2007, reaching high peaks in 2020 and 2021 thanks to improvements in production, quality and efficient policies. Reason why it was proposed to carry out an analysis where it can be seen how the export of cocoa and its derivatives affect the economic growth of the country. For this, a descriptive analysis and execution were used of a VECM regression model that allowed us to determine the incidence of cocoa and processed exports in GDP, the latter through the causality test of Granger. The results obtained demonstrated the positive and significant long-term relationship term between cocoa exports and GDP, showing that an increase in Cocoa exports positively impact the country's economic growth. From there, It is concluded that this growth has positioned Ecuador as the main exporter of cocoa in Latin America and the fourth worldwide.