Identificación del estrés en docentes ecuatorianos de educación básica y bachillerato durante la pandemia del COVID-19 en el año 2022 en el Cantón Zamora, Parroquia Zamora

Abstract

Abstract: The present research work had the objective of identifying stress in Ecuadorian teachers of basic and high school education during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022 in the city of Zamora. The study used is a quantitative approach of a descriptive, non-experimental, non-probabilistic cross-sectional type with a sample of 48 teachers of basic and high school levels. In addition, instruments such as the AD-HOC Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Salanova technostress questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the multidimensional scale for assessing coping styles (Brief Cope-28) were applied. The results obtained reflect high levels in the Burnout dimensions, specifically 8.3% present emotional exhaustion, 10.4% depersonalization and 16.7% maintain low levels of personal achievement. Regarding the results of technostress, the anxiety dimension reflects 2.10%, fatigue 4.2%, skepticism 12.5% ​​and finally ineffectiveness 10.4%. Regarding the results of the mental health instrument, it shows that 2.1% of the sample has high levels of depression, anxiety 1.4% and stress 2.1%. Finally, the coping strategies, an average of 24.29 teachers are shown who use strategies focused on the problem, on solving it, seeking help or social support and positive revaluation. In conclusion, it can be seen that the mental health of teachers was affected during the COVID-19 pandemic.