Estudio fitoquímico y evaluación de las propiedades hipoglucemiantes de Clusia latipes

Abstract

In diabetes, insulin does not control blood sugar levels; the most common is type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), caused by inadequate insulin secretion. One strategy to control postprandial hyperglycemia in DM2 with a low-cost and low-incidence of side effects is the consumption of natural α-glucosidase inhibitors. Extracts in hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol from Clusia latipes were evaluated in vitro for α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activity. The inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase had the highest potential, and was from the extracts in ethyl acetate and methanol, which revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, and tannins as seen in phytochemical screening. The highest inhibition α-glucosidase was the ethyl acetate fraction of leaves with IC50 of 0.90 μg/ml, which was 270 times more effective than acarbose (positive control). The most potent antioxidant activity was the fraction of leaves and stems of ethyl acetate in DPPH (SC50: 4.70 μg/ml and 3.58 μg/ml) and ABTS (SC50: 3.29 μg/ml and 2.27 μg/ml).