Optimización del proceso de compostaje para el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos orgánicos de la ciudad de Loja mediante la incorporación de microorganismos eficientes

Abstract

Abstract:The purpose of this project was to optimize the processes for the use of organic waste that are being implemented in the Centro de Gestión Integral de Residuos Sólidos (CGIRS) of Loja and based on vermicomposting and Takakura methods. The research focused on degrading organic substrates by incorporating efficient microorganisms (EM). To implement this new proposal, an EM mother solution was used as the basis, and its formulation was determined by mixture experiment, thus identifying the adequate proportions that were: col = 19%, water = 69%, liver = 4%, salt = 3% and molasses = 5%, giving a minimum pH of 3,64. At the end of the composting process, average values of C/N = 6,14 electrical conductivity = 4,20 dS m-1, total nitrogen = 2,87%, total phosphorus = 0,80%, potassium = 1,31% and pH = 8,24, thus evidencing that the organic fertilizer obtained had an improvement in the presence of macronutrients, NPK in comparison with the standard compost elaborated with earthworms. The final product was contrasted with international compost quality standards such as the Colombian NTC 5167 (2004) and the Chilean NCH 2880, the result of which was satisfactory since the physicochemical values were within the ranges.