Caracterización molecular de mutaciones puntuales del gen BRAF y su asociación a cáncer de tiroides

Abstract

Abstract: In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer has progressively increased in our country. Pour information, treatments and inaccurate diagnoses, would be the main limitations for the adequate management of this pathology. However, the increasing use of molecular techniques such as PCR, NGS and MicroArrays have allowed research in the clinical field for the understanding of molecular processes, etiology and research of molecular markers of the BRAF gene.These molecular markers distinguish malignant NT from benign, both prognosis and recurrence, as well as new therapies aimed at specific signaling pathway conditions, in order to reverse and delay the effects. This review will determine and identify the molecular mechanisms of point mutations of the BRAF gene, clinical relevance and molecular diagnosis in the different stages of development of thyroid cancer. It is concluded that the BRAF V600E mutation is the most frequent and main responsible for the triggering of PTC. In our country, the PCR TR technique is ideal for the diagnosis of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules, due to its high sensitivity, specificity and low cost.