Sistema de transporte sostenible como medio para lograr la accesibilidad territorial. Caso provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: The research studies, the transport system in Tungurahua and the accessibility to the services in the region.The problem of accessibility in rural areas to the services concentrated in the cities is revealed, a cause of occurring negative externalities with poverty, rural-urban migration, health and education.The tested hypotheses are: (a) Rural communities have limited accessibility to services (b) The roads are monocentric and for vehicles (c) Several inhabitants use sustainable transport.The achieved objectives are (a) Diagnose the territory with the sustainable mobility (b) Model a sustainable transportation system that structures the region (c) Develop guidelines to achieve a Territorial System of Sustainable Transport.The approach from land use planning and complex adaptive systemsproduces sustainable roads networks with polycentric inter-parish connectivity, network services and social actions that adapt the model to the population.The main result is the desired territorial model where two road networks coexist symbiotically: the current vehicular road network and the road network for sustainable mobility with alternative transport such as walking, disabled people, animals, bicycle, electric.The concept of a bicycle lane is surpassed by an entire sustainable road network thatincludes all current alternative transport means, available to rural or urban people and the future innovations in transport systems. The model reaches the final shape of the region in balance with nature.