Revisión sistemática de estrategias de conservación para la nutria gigante (Pteronura brasiliensis) en el Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: The giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis), which is classified as "critically endangered", faces problems due to habitat loss, pollution and human activities such as mining and overfishing. This study focused on systematically reviewing the conservation strategies that have been implemented in Ecuador, evaluating their effectiveness and proposing improvements for their long-term preservation. The methodology was based on the Kitchenham model, with stages of planning, selection, extraction and synthesis of information, using academic databases and specific criteria. The results showed a lack of continuous evaluations on the effectiveness of current strategies, such as management plans, population monitoring and community awareness actions. Gaps were identified in the integration of technical and social approaches. The conclusions highlight the need for comprehensive monitoring systems, periodic evaluations and interdisciplinary collaboration. Recommendations include strengthening inter-institutional alliances, restoring critical habitats, and promoting public policies that encourage sustainable practices. This study provides a basis for designing more effective measures to promote the conservation of this emblematic species.