La teoría de la elección pública. Características para Ecuador 2017- 2023

Abstract

Abstract: The present work studies the application of public choice theory in the Ecuadorian context during the 2017-2023 period, marked by significant political events that have influenced electoral dynamics and triggered political instability, leading to distrust in the country s electoral institutions. The theoretical framework encompasses the contributions of authors such as James Buchanan, Anthony Downs, and Mancur Olson, who laid the foundations for understanding the behavior of political actors from an economic perspective. The methodology used is descriptive, utilizing secondary data sources such as the National Electoral Council (CNE) and the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC). Variables analyzed include vote distribution by region, abstention rates, perception of corruption, and the impact of social media during electoral campaigns. The results reveal voting patterns differentiated by region, influenced by economic and social factors, and an increase in electoral abstention, interpreted as an expression of rejection and distrust toward political institutions.